> ## Documentation Index > Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.graphext.com/llms.txt > Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further. # Transform | Step | Fast | Description | | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ---- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | [add\_noise](/api-docs/prepare/transform/add_noise) | | Add noise to a column with numbers or lists of numbers | | [calculate](/api-docs/prepare/transform/calculate) | | Evaluates a formula containing basic arithmetic over a dataset's columns | | [cast](/api-docs/prepare/transform/cast) | ⚡ | Interprets and changes a column's data to another (semantic) type | | [concatenate](/api-docs/prepare/transform/concatenate) | ⚡ | Concatenate columns as text or lists with optional separator as well as pre- and postfix | | [count\_unique](/api-docs/prepare/transform/count_unique) | ⚡ | Counts the number of unique elements in each list/array of the input column | | [derive\_column](/api-docs/prepare/transform/derive_column) | ⚡ | Derive a new column with a custom JS script | | [discretize\_on\_quantiles](/api-docs/prepare/transform/discretize_on_quantiles) | ⚡ | Discretize column into bins based on quantiles | | [discretize\_on\_values](/api-docs/prepare/transform/discretize_on_values) | ⚡ | Discretize column by binning its values using explicitly specified cuts points | | [divide](/api-docs/prepare/transform/divide) | ⚡ | Divide two or more numeric columns in given order | | [equal](/api-docs/prepare/transform/equal) | ⚡ | Check the row-wise equality of all input columns | | [explode](/api-docs/prepare/transform/explode) | ⚡ | Explode (extract) items from column(s) of lists into separate rows | | [extract\_date\_component](/api-docs/prepare/transform/extract_date_component) | ⚡ | Extract a component such as day, week, weekday etc. from a date column | | [extract\_emoji](/api-docs/prepare/transform/extract_emoji) | | Parse texts and extract their emoji | | [extract\_entities](/api-docs/prepare/transform/extract_entities) | | Parse texts and extract the entities mentioned (persons, organizations etc.) | | [extract\_hashtags](/api-docs/prepare/transform/extract_hashtags) | | Parse texts and extract any hashtags mentioned | | [extract\_json\_values](/api-docs/prepare/transform/extract_json_values) | ⚡ | Extract values from JSON columns using JsonPath | | [extract\_keywords](/api-docs/prepare/transform/extract_keywords) | | Parse and extract keywords from texts | | [extract\_mentions](/api-docs/prepare/transform/extract_mentions) | | Parse texts and extract any mentions detected | | [extract\_ngrams](/api-docs/prepare/transform/extract_ngrams) | | Parse texts and extract their n-grams | | [extract\_range](/api-docs/prepare/transform/extract_range) | ⚡ | Create a copy of a column nullifying values outside a specified range | | [extract\_regex](/api-docs/prepare/transform/extract_regex) | ⚡ | Extract parts of texts detected using regular expressions | | [extract\_text\_features](/api-docs/prepare/transform/extract_text_features) | | Parse and process texts to extract multiple features at once | | [extract\_url\_components](/api-docs/prepare/transform/extract_url_components) | | Extract components from an URL | | [is\_missing](/api-docs/prepare/transform/is_missing) | ⚡ | Check for missing values in a given column | | [label\_bios](/api-docs/prepare/transform/label_bios) | | Categorize people into fields of occupation using their bios (biographies) | | [label\_categories](/api-docs/prepare/transform/label_categories) | ⚡ | Relabel categories based on the top terms in each category | | [label\_encode](/api-docs/prepare/transform/label_encode) | | Encode categories with values between 0 and N-1, where N is the number of unique categories | | [label\_holidays](/api-docs/prepare/transform/label_holidays) | | Indicate if there are any holidays for given date, location pairs | | [label\_political\_subtopics](/api-docs/prepare/transform/label_political_subtopics) | | Categorize the political sub-topics of texts in Spanish | | [label\_political\_topics](/api-docs/prepare/transform/label_political_topics) | | Categorize the political topics of texts in Spanish | | [label\_texts\_containing](/api-docs/prepare/transform/label_texts_containing) | | Categorize texts containing specific keywords with custom labels | | [label\_texts\_containing\_from\_query](/api-docs/prepare/transform/label_texts_containing_from_query) | | Label texts given an elastic-like query string | | [length](/api-docs/prepare/transform/length) | ⚡ | Calculates the length of lists (number of elements) or texts/categories (number of characters) | | [make\_constant](/api-docs/prepare/transform/make_constant) | ⚡ | Creates a new constant column (with a single unique value) of the same length as the input column | | [math\_func](/api-docs/prepare/transform/math_func) | | Applies a mathematical function to the values of a (single) numeric column | | [merge\_similar\_semantics](/api-docs/prepare/transform/merge_similar_semantics) | | Group categories with similar meanings | | [merge\_similar\_spellings](/api-docs/prepare/transform/merge_similar_spellings) | | Group categories with similar spellings | | [multiply](/api-docs/prepare/transform/multiply) | ⚡ | Multiply two or more numeric columns | | [normalize](/api-docs/prepare/transform/normalize) | ⚡ | Normalizes a numerical column by subtracting the mean and dividing by its standard deviation | | [observed\_duration](/api-docs/prepare/transform/observed_duration) | ⚡ | Calculate the duration between two dates and determine whether an event was observed before a specified observation da… | | [order\_categories](/api-docs/prepare/transform/order_categories) | ⚡ | (Re-)order the categories of a categorical column | | [pandas\_func](/api-docs/prepare/transform/pandas_func) | | Applies an arbitrary pandas supported function to the values of an input column | | [pct\_change](/api-docs/prepare/transform/pct_change) | | Calculate percentage change between consecutive numbers in a numeric column | | [percentile\_rank](/api-docs/prepare/transform/percentile_rank) | ⚡ | Convert the values in a numeric or date column into their percentile rank | | [query](/api-docs/prepare/transform/query) | ⚡ | Generate a boolean column based on a query string, marking rows that match the condition | | [replace\_missing](/api-docs/prepare/transform/replace_missing) | ⚡ | Replace missing values (NaNs) with either a specified constant value or the result of a given function | | [replace\_regex](/api-docs/prepare/transform/replace_regex) | ⚡ | Replace parts of text detected with a regular expression | | [replace\_values](/api-docs/prepare/transform/replace_values) | ⚡ | Replace specified values in a column with new ones | | [scale](/api-docs/prepare/transform/scale) | ⚡ | Scales the values of a numerical column to lie between a specified minimum and maximum | | [segment\_rows](/api-docs/prepare/transform/segment_rows) | ⚡ | Create a segmentation using graphext's advanced query syntax (similar to Elasticsearch) | | [slice](/api-docs/prepare/transform/slice) | ⚡ | Extract a range/slice of elements from a column of texts or lists | | [split\_string](/api-docs/prepare/transform/split_string) | ⚡ | Split a single column containing texts into two | | [subtract](/api-docs/prepare/transform/subtract) | ⚡ | Subtract two or more numeric columns | | [sum](/api-docs/prepare/transform/sum) | ⚡ | Calculate the row-wise sum of numeric columns | | [time\_interval](/api-docs/prepare/transform/time_interval) | ⚡ | Calculates the duration of a time interval between two dates (datetimes/timestamps) | | [tokenize](/api-docs/prepare/transform/tokenize) | | Parse texts and separate them into lists of tokens (words, lemmas, etc.) | | [trim\_frequencies](/api-docs/prepare/transform/trim_frequencies) | | Remove values whose frequencies (counts) are above/below a given threshold | | [unique](/api-docs/prepare/transform/unique) | ⚡ | Extracts the unique elements in each list/array | | [unpack\_list](/api-docs/prepare/transform/unpack_list) | | Unpack (extract) items from a column of lists into separate columns |