Link embeddings¶

network • similarity

Create network links between rows/nodes calculating the similarity of embeddings (vectors).

Uses Spotify's Annoy to perform approximate nearest neighbour search.

Usage¶

The following are the step's expected inputs and outputs and their specific types.

Step signature

link_embeddings(embedding: list[number], {"param": value}) -> (targets: column, weights: column)

where the object {"param": value} is optional in most cases and if present may contain any of the parameters described in the corresponding section below.

Example¶

To link similar embeddings with default configuration

Example call (in recipe editor)

link_embeddings(ds.embedding) -> (ds.targets, ds.weights)

More examples

To use a similarity cutoff below which similar embeddings won't be connected

Example call (in recipe editor)

link_embeddings(ds.embedding, {"similarity_min": 0.7}) -> (ds.targets, ds.weights)

Inputs¶

embedding: column:list[number]

A categorical column containing embeddings (numerical vectors/lists). Usually the result of previously executing a step embed_[entity].

Outputs¶

targets: column

A column containing for each row a list of IDs (row numbers) identfying other rows it will be linked to.

weights: column

A column containing for each row a list of weights identfying the "importance" of each link to targets identified in the targets column.

Parameters¶

Also see Spotify Annoy's page for details on parameter use.¶

n_nearest: integer = 15

Number of nearest neighbours to connect to.

Range: 1 ≤ n_nearest < inf

similarity_min: number = 0

Minimum similarity for connecting two nodes.

Range: 0 ≤ similarity_min ≤ 1

similarity_min_q: number = 0

Minimum similarity for connecting two nodes, expressed as a quantile of the similarity distribution.

Range: 0 ≤ similarity_min_q ≤ 1

n_trees: integer = 30

Number of trees. Affects the build time and the index size. A larger value will give more accurate results, but will take longer to create a larger index.

search_k_mult: integer = 2

Accuracy multipler. A larger value will give more accurate results, but will take longer time to return.

metric: string = "angular"

Metric to use, only angular supported for now. Annoy's angular metric is equivalent to sqrt(2(1-cos(u,v))), whose max. is sqrt(22) = 2. I.e. the distance between (1,0) and (-1,0), at maximum angular separation, should be exactly 2 Note that for the weights of the resulting network links Annoy's distances are converted to similarities in the interval [0,1].

Must be one of: "angular", "euclidean", "manhattan", "hamming", "dot"

seed: number

Used to seed the random number generator, creating deterministic results.